HTML: Koyon Yaren Computer na HTML

HTML yaren computer ne wanda kowane shafi na yanar gizo da shi aka hada shi duk wani rutu ko hotuna ko ma duk abubuwan da ka ke gani a cikin website wato shafin yanar gizo an hada shi da yaren computer ne da ake kira da HTML.

Iya yaren HTML ne zai sa ka zama mai kirkira shafin yanar gizo wato wanda ake kira da Web Developer taturance, da farko bari mu fara duba mi ake kira da html da kuma takaitaccen tarihin sa da kuma yadda ake za a iya fara yinsa zamu koya a nan da yardar Allah

Minene HTML?

HTML a turance yana nufin (Hypertext Markup Language) shine daidaitaccen yaren alamar da ake amfani dashi don ƙirƙira da tsara shafukan yanar gizo. Yana ba da tsari na asali da abun ciki na shafin yanar gizon ta hanyar amfani da tsarin tags da halaye don ayyana abubuwa daban-daban kamar rubutu, hotuna, hanyoyin haɗi, da multimedia.

Amfanin sa da kuma abubuwan amfani da shi

Tun bayan samuwar yaren ana amfani da shi wajen hada ko ƙirƙira abubuwa da dama wanda gasu kamar haka zamu yi bayanin su daya bayan- daya.

1.Kirkirar Shafukan Yanar Gizo

Ana amfani da HTML da farko don ƙirƙirar shafukan yanar gizon da ake nunawa a cikin masu binciken gidan yanar gizo. Yana samar da ainihin tsarin shafin yanar gizon ta hanyar ayyana abubuwa kamar kanun labarai, hotuna, hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa, da sauransu.

2. Semantics

HTML yana ba da ma’anar ma’ana ga abubuwan da ke cikin shafin yanar gizon, yana sa ya fi dacewa ga masu amfani da na’urorin bincike. Abubuwan HTML na Semantic kamar `<header>`, `<footer>`, `<nav>`, `<labarin>`, `<section>`, `<a gefe>`, da sauransu, suna taimakawa wajen tsara abun ciki a cikin hanya mai ma’ana, inganta samun dama da SEO.

3.Cross-platform Compatibility

An tsara HTML don zama mai zaman kansa, ma’ana shafukan yanar gizon da aka kirkira ta amfani da HTML ana iya shiga da kuma duba su akan na’urori da dandamali daban-daban, gami da kwamfutocin tebur, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, kwamfutar hannu, da wayoyi.

4.Haɗin kai tare da CSS da JavaScript

HTML yana aiki tare da CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) da JavaScript don haɓaka bayyanar da ayyukan shafukan yanar gizo. Ana amfani da CSS don salon abubuwan da aka ayyana a cikin HTML, yayin da JavaScript ake amfani da shi don haɓaka ɗabi’a da mu’amala. Shi yana tsayawa ne a matsayin kamar abun gina su kuma sauran zasu taimaka masa wajen idan gina shafin yanar gizo wato website.

5.Hyperlinking

HTML yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo, yana ba masu amfani damar kewayawa tsakanin shafukan yanar gizo daban-daban daga wannan shafin zuwa wannan shafin ko sassan cikin rukunin yanar gizon guda ɗaya ta danna maballin ko link a turance

6.Haɗa Multimedia:

Ta fannin kayan sauti ko kiɗa HTML yana goyan bayan haɗa abubuwa masu yawa kamar hotuna, sauti, bidiyo, da abun ciki mai mu’amala a cikin shafukan yanar gizo ta amfani da alamun da suka dace. yadda kana cikin shafi zaka gansu s taimaka ma ka wajen samun cikkaken bayanai akan abubuwa.

7.Forms

Ana amfani da HTML dpomin yana samar da sifofi kamar su `<form>`, `<input>`, `<textarea>`, `<select>`, da dai sauransu, don cike wasu nayanai na mutum kamar in yana neman aiki ko ana son ayi mashi rejister ya shiga wata makaranta ko ya nemi wani aiki za’a cike form da sunanasa da kuma bayanan sa.

Karanta:
Fahimtar yadda shafukan yanar gizo suke aiki kafin ka koyi bude su

Tarihin HTML

HTML, ko Harshen Haɗaɗɗen Rubutu, yana da ingantaccen tarihi wanda ya samo asali tun farkon zamanin Gidan Yanar Gizo na Duniya. Ga taƙaitaccen bayani kuma kamar haka dan kuma yanayin yadda aka cigaba da bunkasa shi tsawon shekaru.

1.Haihuwar Yanar Gizo

A karon faro dai a ƙarshen shekarar alif 1980s da farkon 1990s, Tim Berners-Lee, masanin kimiyyar kwamfuta na Biritaniya, ya ƙirƙira fasahar tushen fasahar yanar gizo ta Duniya yayin aiki a CERN (Kungiyar Turai don Binciken Nukiliya). Burinsa shi ne ya samar da tsarin raba bayanai da kuma samun damar shiga intanet.

2.HTML 1.0

Sigar farko ta HTML, HTML 1.0, Tim Berners-Lee ne ya gabatar da shi a cikin 1991. Yare ne mai sauƙi tare da iyakan tsarawa, da farko an tsara shi don haɗa takardu tare ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin rubuce-rubuce. Wannan sigar ta aza harsashi ga tsarin shafukan yanar gizo.

3. Girma da Daidaitawa

Yayin da Gidan Yanar Gizon ya sami karbuwa, buƙatar daidaitaccen harshe ya bayyana. Ƙungiyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), sun ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka matakan HTML.

4. HTML 2.0

An saki HTML 2.0 a cikin 1995 a matsayin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙa’ida ta farko ta Cibiyar Injiniya ta Intanet (IETF). Ya gabatar da fasali kamar forms da tebles a cikin yaren, yana ba da hanya don ƙarin hadaddun shafukan yanar gizo.

5.Yaƙe-yaƙe da Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙiri

A cikin shekarun 1990s, masu binciken gidan yanar gizo irin su Netscape Navigator da Microsoft Internet Explorer sun yi fafatawa sosai don mamaye kasuwa. Wannan lokacin, wanda aka fi sani da “Wars Browser,” ya haifar da haɓaka cikin sauri a cikin HTML da fasahar yanar gizo.

6.HTML 3.2, 4.0, da XHTML

HTML 3.2, wanda aka saki a cikin 1997, ya gabatar da ƙarin fasali kamar firam ɗin da ingantaccen tallafi don multimedia.

HTML 4.0, wanda aka saki a cikin 1997 kuma aka sake dubawa a cikin 1999, ya kawo ƙarin kayan haɓakawa, gami da zanen salo da tallafin rubutun.

XHTML (Hypertext Markup Language), wanda aka gabatar a farkon 2000s, da nufin sake fasalin HTML azaman aikace-aikacen XML ( Harshen eXtensible Markup), yana haɓaka ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa’idodin syntax.

7.HTML5

HTML5, sabon babban bita na HTML, an kammala shi a cikin 2014. Ya gabatar da sabbin abubuwa da yawa da APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) da nufin sa ci gaban yanar gizo ya fi ƙarfi da isa. HTML5 ya haɗa da goyan bayan abubuwan multimedia (audio da bidiyo), zane don zana zane, ma’ajiyar gida, wurin ƙasa, da ƙari.

8.Cigaban Juyin ƙirƙira

Tun lokacin da aka saki HTML5, W3C ya ci gaba da aiki akan ƙarin haɓakawa da haɓakawa zuwa HTML. Wannan ya haɗa da ƙoƙarin daidaita sabbin abubuwa da kuma tabbatar da dacewa a cikin masu bincike da na’urori daban-daban.

A cikin tarihinsa, HTML ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara Gidan Yanar Gizon Yanar Gizo na Duniya, yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar bambance-bambancen abubuwan da suka shafi kan layi. Juyin halittarsa yana ci gaba da nuna canjin yanayin fasaha da buƙatun masu haɓaka gidan yanar gizo da masu amfani iri ɗaya.

Fara HTML ga Dan Koyo

1. Fahimtar Tushen HTML
HTML ya ƙunshi abubuwa da aka ruɗe a cikin tags.
Tags keywords ne kewaye da maƙallan kusurwa `< >`. zaka gan su a computer ka
Abubuwan yawanci suna buɗe alamar `<tag>` da kuma rufe alamar `</tag>.
Misali: `<p>Wannan sakin layi ne</p>.

2.Yadda ake samar da Muhallin HTML a Computer dinka

Kuna buƙatar editan rubutu kawai don rubuta HTML. Kuna iya amfani da masu gyara masu sauƙi kamar Notepad++

kayi download a computer dinka kayi installa din software
Don ingantacciyar gogewa, kuna iya amfani da ƙarin manyan editocin rubutu kamar Visual Studio Code, ko Sublime Waɗannan masu gyara suna ba da fasaloli kamar nuna alama, cikawa ta atomatik, da ƙari.

3.Kirkirar Fayil ɗin HTML na Farko :
Bude editan rubutun ku kuma ƙirƙirar sabon fayil.
Ajiye fayil ɗin tare da saving `.html` (misali, `index.html`). ka hada index.htm a coputer ka domin shine mashigar farko.
Wannan fayil ɗin zai zama shafin HTML ɗin.

4.Tsarin HTML
Duk takaddun HTML suna farawa da sanarwar `<!DOCTYPE html>`, wanda ke gaya wa mai binciken cewa takaddun HTML5 ne.
Abun `<html>‘ shine tushen tushen takaddar HTML.
A cikin `<html>`, kuna da manyan sassa biyu: `< head> da `<body>`.
<head>` ya ƙunshi meta-bayanai game da daftarin aiki, kamar takensa, saitin halaye, zanen salon CSS, da sauransu.
`<body>` ya ƙunshi abun ciki da ake iya gani akan shafin yanar gizon.

5.Ƙara Abun Ciki

Kuna iya ƙara abubuwa daban-daban kamar kanun labarai (`<h1>` zuwa `<h6>`), sakin layi (`<p>`), hotuna (`<img>`), hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa link ke nan (`<a>`), lissafin. (`<li>`), da sauransu.

Ga misalin HTM mai sauƙi:

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Shafin Yanar Gizo Na Farko</title> </head> <body> <h1>Barka da zuwa Shafin Yanar Gizo na</h1> <p>Wannan sakin layi ne.</p> <a href="https://www.example.com">Ziyarci Misali</a> </body> </html>
“`

Idan aka lura duk abunda aka bude sai an kulle sai a sa rubutu ko wani abu a tsakiya sai

6.Yadda za a ga sakamakon abunda ka rubuta a Shafin HTML naku
Ajiye fayil ɗin HTML ɗin ku.
Buɗe shi a cikin mai binciken gidan yanar gizo (kamar Chrome, Firefox, ko Edge) ta danna fayil sau biyu.
Ya kamata ku ga abubuwan HTML ɗinku da aka fassara a cikii.

wannan shine taƙaitaccen bayani zamu cigaba insha ba daɗewa a cigaba da bin mu a hausawasite.com.ng